Significant Rare Earth Element (REEs) Confirmation
As defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are made up of a set of 17 chemical elements within the Periodic Table of the chemical elements. These 17 elements are:
La (Lanthanum)
Ce (Cerium)
Pr (Praseodymium)
Nd (Neodymium)
Pm (Promethium)
Sm (Samarium)
Eu (Europium)
Gd (Gadolinium)
Tb (Terbium)
Dy (Dysprosium)
Ho (Holmium)
Er (Erbium)
Tm (Thulium)
Yb (Ytterbium)
Lu (Lutetium)
Sc (Scandium)
Y (Yttrium)
Total ppm/Crustal Abundance for REEs for the WOW Claims:
Sample Number Total ppm
S-29 357.3 ppm
S-38 335.9 ppm
Total ppm/Crustal Abundance for REEs for the Spring Sage Claims:
Sample Number Total ppm
S-24 179.5 ppm
S-26 241.6 ppm
SV-2 250.5 ppm
SV-3 161.8 ppm
SV-4 145.4 ppm
Total ppm/Crustal Abundance for REEs for the Gilded Lady:
Sample Number Total ppm
S-36 289.7 ppm
S-41A 296.8 ppm
SV-41B 297.1 ppm
SV-41C 316.0 ppm
Within the U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), a Scientific Investigations Report from geologists was done in 2010 indicating REE concentrations totaling:
- 206.1 ppm from Mason and Moore in 1982
- 205.2 ppm from Jackson and Christiansen in 1993
- 159.9 ppm from Sabot and Maestro 1995
- 184.3 ppm from Wedephol in 1995
- 242.17 ppm from Lide in 1997
- 214.9 as a high for McGill being in 1997
This report done by the USGS set the standard for what can be considered significant crustal abundance levels of REEs by stating that the estimated average concentration of the REEs in the Earth’s crust that ranges from around 150 to 220 parts per million (ppm), exceeds that of many other metals that are mined on an industrial scale. The above USGS data can be confirmed on pages 3 and 5 (Table 1) of the USGS, Scientific Investigations Report below:
http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5220/pdf/SIR2010-5220.pdf#page=43